[The "Christian Questions with
Their Answers," designating Luther as the author, first appeared in an
edition of the Small Catechism in 1551, five years after Luther's death].After confession and instruction in
the Ten Commandments, the Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and the Sacraments of
Baptism and the Lord's Supper, the pastor may ask, or Christians may ask
themselves these questions:1. Do you believe that you are a
sinner?
Yes, I believe it. I am a sinner.2. How do you know this?
From the Ten Commandments, which I have not kept.3. Are you sorry for your sins?
Yes, I am sorry that I have sinned against God.4. What have you deserved from
God because of your sins?
His wrath and displeasure, temporal death, and eternal
damnation. See Romans 6:21, 23.5. Do you hope to be saved?
Yes, that is my hope.6. In whom then do you trust?
In my dear Lord Jesus Christ.7. Who is Christ?
The Son of God, true God and man.8. How many Gods are there?
Only one, but there are three persons: Father, Son, and Holy
Spirit.9. What has Christ done for you
that you trust in Him?
He died for me and shed His blood for me on the cross for the
forgiveness of sins.10. Did the Father also die for
you?
He did not. The Father is God only, as is the Holy Spirit;
but the Son is both true God and true man. He died for me and shed his blood for
me.11. How do you know this?
From the holy Gospel, from the words instituting the
Sacrament, and by His body and blood given me as a pledge in the Sacrament.12. What are the Words of
Institution?
Our Lord Jesus Christ, on the night when He was betrayed,
took bread and when He had given thanks, He broke it and gave it to the
disciples and said: "Take eat; this is My body, which is given for you.
This do in remembrance of Me." In the same way also He took the cup after
supper, and when He had given thanks, He gave it to them, saying: "Drink of
it, all of you; this cup is the new testament in My blood, which is shed for you
for the forgiveness of sins. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance
of Me."13. Do you believe, then, that
the true body and blood of Christ are in the Sacrament?
Yes, I believe it.14. What convinces you to
believe this?
The word of Christ: Take, eat, this is My body; drink of it,
all of you, this is My blood.15. What should we do when we
eat His body and drink His blood, and in this way receive His pledge?
We should remember and proclaim His death and the shedding of
His blood, as He taught us: This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of
Me.16. Why should we remember and
proclaim His death?
First, so that we may learn to believe that no creature could
make satisfaction for our sins. Only Christ, true God and man, could do that.
Second, so we may learn to be horrified by our sins, and to regard them as very
serious. Third, so we may find joy and comfort in Christ alone, and through
faith in Him be saved.17. What motivated Christ to die
and make full payment for your sins?
His great love for His Father and for me and other sinners,
as it is written in John 14; Romans 5; Galatians 2 and Ephesians 5.18. Finally, why do you wish to
go to the Sacrament?
That I may learn to believe that Christ, out of great love,
died for my sin, and also learn from Him to love God and my neighbor.19. What should admonish and
encourage a Christian to receive the Sacrament frequently?
First, both the command and the promise of Christ the Lord.
Second, his own pressing need, because of which the command, encouragement, and
promise are given.20. But what should you do if
you are not aware of this need and have no hunger and thirst for the Sacrament?
To such a person no better advice can be given than this:
first, he should touch his body to see if he still has flesh and blood. Then he
should believe what the Scriptures say of it in Galatians 5 and Romans 7.
Second, he should look around to see whether he is still in the world, and
remember that there will be no lack of sin and trouble, as the Scriptures say in
John 15-16 and in 1 John 2 and 5. Third, he will certainly have the devil also
around him, who with his lying and murdering day and night will let him have no
peace, within or without, as the Scriptures picture him in John 8 and 16; 1
Peter 5; Ephesians 6; and 2 Timothy 2.
Note:
These questions and answers are no child's play, but are drawn up with great
earnestness of purpose by the venerable and devout Dr. Luther for both young and
old. Let each one pay attention and consider it a serious matter; for St. Paul
writes to the Galatians in chapter six: "Do not be deceived: God cannot be
mocked."